O DataView provê uma interface de baixo nível para leitura e escrita de múltiplos tipos de número em um ArrayBuffer, independentemente da extremidade (endianness) da plataforma.
The source for this interactive example is stored in a GitHub repository. If you'd like to contribute to the interactive examples project, please clone https://github.com/mdn/interactive-examples and send us a pull request.
Sintaxe
new DataView(buffer [, byteOffset [, byteLength]])
Parâmetros
bufferArrayBufferouSharedArrayBufferexistente para usar como armazenamento de um novo objetoDataView.byteOffsetOptional- A mudança, em bytes, do primeiro byte determinado em um buffer, que será referenciado pela nova view. Se não for especificado, a view do buffer começará no primeiro byte.
byteLengthOptional- O número de elementos no array de bytes. Se não especificado, o tamanho da view será do mesmo tamanho do buffer.
Retorno
Um novo objeto DataView que representa o buffer de dados especificado. (Provavelmente não foi uma descrição muito útil.)
Você pode pensar nesse objeto retornado como um "intérprete" de um array buffer de bytes - ele sabe como converter números para inserir em um buffer corretamente, tanto ao ler quanto ao gravar. Isso significa lidar com conversões integer, float, endianness e outros detalhes da representação de números em formato binário.
Exceções
RangeError- Lançado se o
byteOffsetoubyteLengthespecificados ultrapassarem o final do buffer. - Por exemplo, se o buffer tem 16 bytes de comprimento, o
byteOffseté 8 e obyteLengthé 10, esse erro será lançado porque a view resultante tenta estender 2 bytes acima do comprimento total do buffer.
Descrição
Endianness
Formatos de números Multi-byte são representados de maneira diferente na memória, dependendo da arquitetura da máquina, veja Endianness para mais informações. Assessores de DataView fornecem controle explícito de como o dado será acessado, independente do endianness da arquitetura em execução.
var littleEndian = (function() {
var buffer = new ArrayBuffer(2);
new DataView(buffer).setInt16(0, 256, true /* littleEndian */);
// Int16Array uses the platform's endianness.
return new Int16Array(buffer)[0] === 256;
})();
console.log(littleEndian); // true or false
Valores inteiros de 64 bits
Como JavaScript atualmente não inclui suporte padrão para valores inteiros de 64 bits, DataView não oferece operações nativas de 64 bits. Como solução alternativa, você poderia implementar sua própria função getUint64() para obter um valor com a precisão de Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER, o que pode ser bom para determinados casos.
function getUint64(dataview, byteOffset, littleEndian) {
// split 64-bit number into two 32-bit (4-byte) parts
const left = dataview.getUint32(byteOffset, littleEndian);
const right = dataview.getUint32(byteOffset+4, littleEndian);
// combine the two 32-bit values
const combined = littleEndian? left + 2**32*right : 2**32*left + right;
if (!Number.isSafeInteger(combined))
console.warn(combined, 'exceeds MAX_SAFE_INTEGER. Precision may be lost');
return combined;
}
Como alternativa, se você precisar de um intervalo completo de 64 bits, poderá criar um BigInt.
function getUint64BigInt(dataview, byteOffset, littleEndian) {
// split 64-bit number into two 32-bit (4-byte) parts
const left = dataview.getUint32(byteOffset, littleEndian);
const right = dataview.getUint32(byteOffset + 4, littleEndian);
// combine the two 32-bit values as their hex string representations
const combined = littleEndian ?
right.toString(16) + left.toString(16).padStart(8, '0') :
left.toString(16) + right.toString(16).padStart(8, '0');
return BigInt(`0x${combined}`);
}
Propriedades
Todas as instâncias de DataView herdam DataView.prototype e permitem a adição de propriedades a todos os objetos DataView.
Métodos
Exemplo
var buffer = new ArrayBuffer(16); var dv = new DataView(buffer, 0); dv.setInt16(1, 42); dv.getInt16(1); //42
Especificações
| Especificação | Status | Comentário |
|---|---|---|
| Typed Array Specification | Obsoleto | Substituído pelo ECMAScript 6 |
| ECMAScript 2015 (6th Edition, ECMA-262) The definition of 'DataView' in that specification. |
Padrão | Definição inicial no ECMA standard |
| ECMAScript (ECMA-262) The definition of 'DataView' in that specification. |
Padrão em tempo real |
Compatibilidade entre navegadores
The compatibility table on this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-dataand send us a pull request.
| Desktop | Mobile | Server | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DataView | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
DataView() constructor | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
buffer | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
byteLength | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
byteOffset | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
getBigInt64 | Chrome Full support 67 | Edge Full support 79 | Firefox Full support 68 | IE No support No | Opera Full support 54 | Safari No support No | WebView Android Full support 67 | Chrome Android Full support 67 | Firefox Android Full support 68 | Opera Android Full support 48 | Safari iOS No support No | Samsung Internet Android Full support 9.0 | nodejs Full support 10.4.0 |
getBigUint64 | Chrome Full support 67 | Edge Full support 79 | Firefox Full support 68 | IE No support No | Opera Full support 54 | Safari No support No | WebView Android Full support 67 | Chrome Android Full support 67 | Firefox Android Full support 68 | Opera Android Full support 48 | Safari iOS No support No | Samsung Internet Android Full support 9.0 | nodejs Full support 10.4.0 |
getFloat32 | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
getFloat64 | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
getInt16 | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
getInt32 | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
getInt8 | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
getUint16 | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
getUint32 | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
getUint8 | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
setBigInt64 | Chrome Full support 67 | Edge Full support 79 | Firefox Full support 68 | IE No support No | Opera Full support 54 | Safari No support No | WebView Android Full support 67 | Chrome Android Full support 67 | Firefox Android Full support 68 | Opera Android Full support 48 | Safari iOS No support No | Samsung Internet Android Full support 9.0 | nodejs Full support 10.4.0 |
setBigUint64 | Chrome Full support 67 | Edge Full support 79 | Firefox Full support 68 | IE No support No | Opera Full support 54 | Safari No support No | WebView Android Full support 67 | Chrome Android Full support 67 | Firefox Android Full support 68 | Opera Android Full support 48 | Safari iOS No support No | Samsung Internet Android Full support 9.0 | nodejs Full support 10.4.0 |
setFloat32 | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
setFloat64 | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
setInt16 | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
setInt32 | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
setInt8 | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
setUint16 | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
setUint32 | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
setUint8 | Chrome Full support 9 | Edge Full support 12 | Firefox Full support 15 | IE Full support 10 | Opera Full support 12.1 | Safari Full support 5.1 | WebView Android Full support 4 | Chrome Android Full support 18 | Firefox Android Full support 15 | Opera Android Full support 12.1 | Safari iOS Full support 4.2 | Samsung Internet Android Full support 1.0 | nodejs Full support 0.10 |
Legend
- Full support
- Full support
- No support
- No support
Notas de compatibilidade
Começando com o Firefox 40, DataView deve ser construído com o operador new . Chamando DataView() como uma função sem o new, irá lançar um TypeError de agora em diante.
var dv = DataView(buffer, 0); // TypeError: calling a builtin DataView constructor without new is forbidden
var dv = new DataView(buffer, 0);
Veja também
- jDataView: Biblioteca javascript que faz o polyfill e extende a API do
DataViewpara todos os browsers e para o Node.js. ArrayBufferSharedArrayBuffer